RAANZ FRTO exam questions (released version 1)
These questions are arranged to follow the structure of AC172-1, Revision 4, 23 November 2006.
The format followed is
| AC172-1 reference | ||
| Question number | Question | A- answer A B- answer B C- answer C D- answer D |
The correct answer is not indicated- this is a CAA requirement.
Not all sections of AC-172 are pertinent to microlight flying. But given that if you are radio equipped you are able to fly in certain classes of controlled airspace, it is important that you understand and are familiar with the procedures expected of pilots flying in that airspace. Sections which are clearly outside of microlight flight (eg IFR procedures) are not covered.
The written exam consists of 40 questions drawn from this question pool.
Note that in addition to passing the written exam, you must pass a practical test your instructor will give you a in the following areas-
- Knowledge and use of of the phonetic alphabet
- Knowledge and use of phonetic numbers
- Knowledge and use of standard phraseology
- Knowledge and use of the radio/s in the aircraft you will be flying
- Knowledge and familiarity with the procedures and calls for the airspace in which you will be flying
- Knowledge and use of Emergency (MAYDAY) and Urgency (PAN) phraseology
| 1 INTRODUCTION | ||
| 1.0.1 | Which is the preferred method of communicating on the radio? | A- Just talk normally B- Use standard phraseology C- Explain in great detail |
| 1.0.2 | Why should standard phraseology be used? | A- It sounds professional B- So non-pilots won't understand what you are saying C- To minimise confusion and misunderstanding D- To keep your transmissions short |
| 1.0.3 | Are you required to use the word 'hectopascals'' when giving pressure setttings? | A- Yes B- No |
| 1.0.4 | When may you use the word 'immediately'? | A- Only when immediate action is required for safety reasons B- When you want priority to do something C- When you want to break into an RTF conversation |
| 2 GLOSSARY | ||
| 3 KEY | ||
| 4 GENERAL PROCEDURES AND PHRASEOLOGY | ||
| 4.1 Transmitting Technique | ||
| 4.1.1 | What should you check before using the radio? | A- That your radio on on the correct frequency B- That your receiver volume is set at optimum level C- That your transimssion will not interfere with another station D- All of the above |
| 4.1.2 | How can you check your radio is set to the correct frequency? | A- Check the frequency display on the radio B- Call 'Any stations- are you there?' on the radio C- Listen for traffic on the radio D- A and C, but not B |
| 4.1.3 | How can you check that your receiver is set at optimum level? | A- Set the volume control to a known good position B- Turn the squelch off, adjust the background noise so you can hear it, then turn the squelch back on C- Listen for other calls and adjust the volume as required D- Any of the above |
| 4.1.4 | How can you reduce the chance of your transmission interfering with another station? | A- Listen and wait until any existing calls are completed B- Say 'break, break, break' before your call C- Turn your squelch up to cancel their transmission |
| 4.1.5 | Which of the following microphone techniques are correct? | A- Do not turn your head away from the microphone while talking B- Do not touch the microphone with your lips C- Do not hold the microphone boom while talking D- All of the above |
| 4.1.6 | What is the correct method for transmitting? | A- Momentarily click the mic button and speak B- Press the mic button, short pause, speak while holding down the mic button, short pause, then release the mic button C- Press the mic button while speaking, but release it between sentences in case someone else is trying to transmit |
| 4.1.7 | What is the purpose of the short pause between pressing the mic button and speaking? | A- To give you time to think what to say B- To give the receiving station time to get ready to write down your transmission C- To give your radio time to stabilise in transmit mode, and for the receiving station radio time to unsquelch |
| 4.1.8 | What does a stuck microphone from another station generally sound like? | A- Continuous quiet B- Continuous whistle C- Continuous background noise and/or conversation |
| 4.1.9 | What might alert you to a stuck microphone on your radio? | A- No other radio traffic is heard B- Continuous whistle C- Continuous background noise and/or conversation |
| 4.1.10 | What are the checks to detect or prevent a stuck mic? | A- Check the transmit indicator is not continuously on B- Check the mic button is not pressed or jammed down C- Check you can hear other traffic on your radio D- All of the above |
| 4.1.11 | VHF is basically a 'line of sight' communications system? | A- True B- False |
| 4.1.12 | The lower your altitude the further and stronger your VHF transmissions will be? | A- True B- False C- Makes no difference |
| 4.1.13 | When you transmit you stop all others from transmitting on the same frequency? | A- True B- False |
| 4.1.14 | You are tuned to a distant ATIS broadcast. The ATIS is only being partially received in a broken patchy manner but is otherwise readable. Which control is most likely to improve reception? | A- Tune the receiver plus or minus 0.025 MHZ each side of the published frequency. B- Transmit on the same frequency for short bursts and then listen C- Adjust / use the squelch control so the radio produces continuous audio output. D- Turn off as much of the aircraft's electrical equipment as possible |
| 4.1.15 | You are concerned because you have not heard any radio transmissions for a long period of time. You suspect that you may have a stuck mike. Which of the following answers would not be useful steps to resolve this concern? | A- Checking the transmit light/indicator on your radio and/or intercom. B- Briefly changing to a known continuous transmission (AWIB or ATIS) and checking that you can receive. C- Use the squelch to verify that your radio will output audio D- Tune the radio to the emergency frequency 121.5 and listen. |
| 4.1.16 | You are operating at an uncontrolled airfield with other aircraft in the circuit. The frequency is 119.1. From time to time you receive a silent radio transmission that has no speech. You have been receiving transmissions from other aircraft clearly. What action should you take? | A- Transmit a message stating 'Aircraft transmitting on 119.1 carrier only received'. B- Adjust your squelch to better receive the silent transmission. C- Turn your volume up to maximum. D- Check for traffic directly behind you as this is a condition known as tail feather radio fade |
| 4.1.17 | You are attempting to call "Christchurch Ground" for taxi instructions for your departure after a brief stop to pick up a passenger. You have called several times and have heard no other transmissions on the frequency. You suspect that you are not receiving. Which answer would not help to resolve this concern? | A- Use the squelch control to verify you can hear your radio through your speaker/intercom/headset. B- Check that your headset/microphone is correctly connected, and if you have an intercom that you can can talk to your passenger. C- Check that the radio is turned on and that the volume is correctly set. D- Transmit on the ground frequency 'Christchurch ground , XYZ request radio check , suspect I am not able to receive. How do you read.' |
| 4.1.18 | You are operating at an uncontrolled airfield with other traffic known to be in the area. While you are down wind a transmission starts but changes from readable speech to a combination of squeals and unreadable noise. You suspect that two stations are trasmitting at the same time. What action should you take. | A- Turn the volume of your radio down B- Nothing, you are in the circuit and other radio traffic won't concern you C= Adjust you squelch so that only correct transmissions are received. D- Transmit a message as soon as possible stating 'Two stations at once' |
| 4.1.19 | You are in flight, your radio has been working fine, you change frequency to call ATS, and can't raise them. What checks should you first consider? | A- Check your squelch setting B- Check to see if the transmit indicator is active when you press PTT C- Check the frequency you selected D- All of the above |
| 4.1.20 | You are in flight, your radio and intercom has been working fine, you and your co-pilot agree for him to take over the radio calls for a while, but he can't raise ATS. What actions should you consider? | A- Check the intercom is set to give the co-pilot radio authority B- Swap headsets and see if he can raise ATS on the previously working headset C- Revert to pilot handling the radio calls and sort the problem out later D- All of the above |
| 4.2 Phonetic Alphabet | ||
| Your instructor will give you a practical test on the phonetic alphabet. You are expected to be fluent in the correct phonetic words and emphasis for all the letters of the alphabet. | ||
| 4.3 Pronunciation of Numbers | ||
| Your instructor will give you a practical test on phonetic numbers. You are expected to be fluent in the correct phonetic words and emphasis for all digits and combinations of numbers (eg frequencies, altitudes, headings, time, wind, QNH) | ||
| 4.2.1 | What is the corect phraseology to report a heading of 300 degrees? | A- heading tree zero B- heading tree hundred C- heading tree zero zero D- tree zero zero degrees |
| 4.2.2 | What is the corect phraseology to report a wind of 100 degrees at 5 knots? | A- wind wun zero zero degrees fife knots B- wind wun hundred degrees fife knots C- wind wun zero zero at fife knots |
| 4.2.3 | What is the correct phraseology to report a runway designator 06R? | A- runway six right B- runway zero six right C- runway zero six romeo |
| 4.2.4 | What is the correct phraseology to report an altimeter setting of 1020 hPa? | A- wun tousand twenty hectopascals B- QNH wun tousand twenty C- QNH wun zero two zero D- wun zero two zero hectopascals |
| 4.2.5 | What is the correct phraseology to report an altitude of 2500 feet? | A- two fife zero zero feet B- two tousand fife hundred feet C- twenty fife hundreed feet D- altitude two tousand fife hundred |
| 4.2.6 | What is the correct phraseology to report an frequency of 119.1 MHz? | A- wun wun niner wun B- wun wun niner daycimal wun C- wun wun niner point wun |
| 4.4 Transmission of Time | ||
| 4.4.1 | What are the rules for transmission of time? | A- Pronounce each digit separately B- Include the hour if any possibility of confusion C- Always include the minutes D- UTC must be used E- All of the above |
| 4.4.2 | The time is now 1530. How should you transmit a time of 1545? | A- four fife B- one fife four fife |
| 4.4.3 | The time is now 1530. How should you transmit a time of 1645? | A- four fife B- one six four fife |
| 4.5 Standard Words and Phrases | ||
| Your instructor will give you a practical test of your knowledge and use of standard words and phrases appropriate to the type of flying and airspace you will likely be flying in. You are expected to be comfortable with and understand typical radio calls for that environment | ||
| 4.5.1 | You are on final in ABC, the tower calls 'alpha bravo charlie cleared to land, BREAK BREAK, xray yankee zulu go around'. What does this mean? | A- The tower is breaking into a radio transmission from another aircraft B- The tower is identifying the separation between messages to two different aircraft C- The tower is trying to attract the attention of xray yankee zulu |
| 4.5.2 | You are given advice of other traffic from the tower followed by 'acknowledge'. How should you respond? | A- Say nothing, but watch out for the traffic B- Reply with either 'watching for traffic' or 'traffic in sight'. C- Wait for the other traffic to acknowledge the transmission |
| 4.5.3 | You call the tower during a very busy period and they reply with 'standby'. How should you respond? | A- Give up and go somewhere else B- Wait till the current transmission is finished and call again C- Wait until the tower calls you back D- Wait until the tower calls you back, but if there is a prolonged quiet period, call them again |
| 4.5.4 | The tower gives you your takeoff clearance, including runway, departure track and altitude. How should you respond? | A- Say 'roger' and take off and depart as cleared B- Say 'wilco' and take off and depart as cleared C- Read back your clearance and take off and depart as cleared D- Say 'affirmative' and take off and depart as cleared |
| 4.5.5 | 'I SAY AGAIN' means... | A- You repeat your transmission for emphasis to the receiver B- The receiver asks you to repeat your message C- That you want a transmission repeated D- A third party asks you to repeat your message |
| 4.5.6 | 'ACKNOWLEDGE' means... | A- The transmitter station is asking you to advise your location B- The transmitter is asking you to confirm that you have received and understood his message C- The transmitter is saying he has understood your message D- A third party asks you to repeat your message |
| 4.5.7 | 'ROGER' means... | A- I have received your last message B- I understand and will carry out your instructions C- I will await your next call D- You are talking to Roger |
| 4.5.8 | 'WILCO' means... | A- I have received your message B- Get back to me as soon as possible C- I have received your message and will comply D- I will come to your assistance |
| 4.5.9 | 'OVER' means... | A- I have received a message and will comply B- I have finished my transmission and await your reply C- I have finished my transmission D- Is not used |
| 4.5.10 | 'STANDBY' means... | A- Wait and I will call you B- Go to an alternative frequency and I will call you C- Go to your alternative power supply system D- Go to your reserve tanks |
| 4.6 Callsigns | ||
| 4.6.1 | Your aircraft registration is ZK-ABC. How should you identify yourself? | A- 'zulu kilo alfa bravo charlie' B- 'alfa bravo charlie'' C- 'bravo charlie' D- 'alfa bravo charlie', but if the tower refers to you as 'bravo charlie' you may use the shorter designation |
| 4.7 Establishment and Continuation of Communications | ||
| 4.7.1 | You are flying a low performance microlight ZK-XYZ into an airfield where ATS do not know you and your aircraft. On call to the tower, how should you first identify yourself? | A- 'xray yankee zulu' just like any other aircraft B- 'microlight xray yankee zulu' C- Identifying yourself as a 'low performance microlight' will assist the tower to slot you into their circuit traffic |
| 4.7.2 | You miss the QNH that the tower gave you in your clearance. How should you respond? | A- Say nothing and keep your current QNH setting until you hear it given to another aircraft B- Respond with 'say again QNH' C- Read back the clearance you understood, and finish with 'say again QNH' |
| 4.7.3 | You make a mistake reporting your altitude. How should you correct it? | A- If you recognise the mistake immediately on saying it, say 'correction' and then the correct altitude B- If you recognise the mistake later in the transmission, say 'correction, altitude' and then the correct altitude C- If you recognise the mistake after completion of the transmission, call again and say 'correction, altitude' and then the correct altitude D- All of the above |
| 4.7.3 | What is the correct form when making calls on a common frequency (eg 119.1)? | A- 'Flyville traffic' then your callsign, position and intent B- 'Flyville traffic', your callsign, position and intent, then 'Flyville traffic' C- Your callsign, position and intent, then 'Flyville traffic' |
| 4.8 Transfer of Communications | ||
| 4.8.1 | You are instructed to contact XYZ Tower on 123.4. How should you respond? | A- Change frequency and call XYZ tower B- Respond with 'changing wun two tree daycimal four', change frequency and contact XYZ tower C- Respond with 'roger',change frequency and contact XYZ tower |
| 4.9 Clearances | ||
| 4.9.1 | You are ready for departure, waiting at your holding point, and the Tower gives you your departure clearance (track, altitude, QNH) but does not say 'cleared for take-off'. Are you cleared for takeoff? | A- Yes, this is implicit in your departure clearance B- No. You are not cleared until specifically told 'cleared for take-off'. |
| 4.10 Reclearance | ||
| 4.10.1 | You are unable to follow the track or altitude clearance given due to a patch of bad weather. How should you respond? | A- Call 'unable to maintain track/altitude due weather' and suggest a track or altitude that allows you to remain clear B- Continue as cleared C- Divert as required with no further reference to ATS |
| 4.11 Conditional Clearances | ||
| 4.11.1 | You are cleared to line up behind a landing aircraft. How should you respond? | A- Do as instructed B- Readback your clearance, identify the aircraft, and line up behind it |
| 4.12 Readback Requirements | ||
| 4.12.1 | What should all readbacks finish with? | A- Your aircraft callsign B- The QNH C- The ATS unit callsign |
| 4.12.2 | Which ATC clearances MUST be readback? | A- Only those requested by ATS B- Only those for IFR flights C- All bar some minor exceptions |
| 4.12.2 | Which VFR clearances require readback? | A- Flights within controlled airspace B- Entering the circuit C- Vacating the circuit D- Operations in the manouevring area of a controlled airfield E- All of the above |
| 4.12.3 | How should you respond to a message that does not require a readback? | A- Nothing is required B- Respond with your callsign |
| 4.13 Traffic Information | ||
| 4.13.1 | You are given traffic information by ATS, and can see the aircraft. How should you respond? | A- 'Copied the traffic' and callsign B- 'Looking for traffic' and callsign C- 'Traffic in sight' and callsign |
| 4.13.2 | You are given traffic information by ATS, but cannot see the aircraft. How should you respond? | A- 'Copied the traffic' and callsign B- 'Looking for traffic' and callsign C- 'Traffic in sight' and callsign |
| 4.14 Radio Test Procedures | ||
| 4.14.1 | What should be included in a radio check call? | A- Station being called, callsign B- Station being called, callsign, 'radio check' C- Station being called, callsign, 'radio check', frequency |
| 14.4.2 | With a radio check, what is best (1 or 5), and what is the minimum useful level? | A- 1 best, 3 and above useful B- 1 best, 5 and above useful C- 5 best, 3 and above useful D- 5 best, 5 only useful |
| 4.15 Level Instructions | ||
| 4.15.1 | You are cleared to enter the zone at 1500ft. What should your response be? | A- 'roger' B- 'wilco' C- 'cleared to enter the zone, wun tousand fife hundred feet' followed by callsign D- 'copy that' |
| 4.16 Change from IFR to VFR flight rules | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 4.17 Position Reporting — IFR | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 4.18 Position Reporting — VFR | ||
| 4.18.1 | What are the essential elements of a position report? | A- Position B- Altitude C- Callsign D- All of the above |
| 4.18.2 | Which are the acceptable methods of position reporting? | A- Abeam a point B- Overhead a point C- Distance and bearing from a point D- B or C, but not A |
| 4.18.3 | You have made a position call to a Control Tower and as part of that stated you are 10 miles south of the field. As you finish your transmission and realise you are actually 30 miles south, you call... | A- 'sorry tower, I am 30 miles out, not 10' B- correction tree zero miles south C- tower, that should read tree zero miles |
| 4.19 Transponder Reporting | ||
| 4.19.1 | You are about to request clearance to enter transponder mandatory (TM) airspace, but are not transponder equipped. what should you include in your clearance request? | A- Nothing- they will know you have no transponder from their radar screen B- 'negative transponder' C- You are NOT permitted to enter TM airspace without a transponder |
| 5. AERODROME CONTROL | ||
| 5.1 General | ||
| 5.2 Departure Information and Engine Starting Procedures | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 5.3 Pushback | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 5.4 Taxi Instructions | ||
| 5.4.1 | What should be included in a taxi clearance request? | A- airfield location B- intentions C- fuel endurance D- persons on board E- ATIS and QNH (if applicable) F- All of the above |
| 15.4.2 | You have been cleared to a holding point that requires you to cross a grass strip, but ATS have not explicitly cleared you to cross the strip. What should you do? | A- Your taxi clearance implicitly includes clearance across the strip B- Proceed at your own discretion C- Request clearance to cross the strip |
| 5.5 Pre-departure Manoeuvring | ||
| 5.5.1 | You have completed your run-up and pre take-off checks at your assigned holding point, and are ready for take-off in XYZ. What should you do? | A- Taxi onto the runway and line up and hold, and wait for take-off clearance B- Call 'xray yankee zulu ready' and wait for further clearance |
| 5.6 Take-Off Procedures | ||
| 5.6.1 | If you are cleared for immediate take-off what must you do? | A- Expedite your take-off safely but with the minimum of delay B- Takeoff right now |
| 5.6.2 | You have to abort take-off due to a rough running engine. What should you do? | A- Vacate the runway and taxi back to the holding point B- Backtrack on the runway back to the holding point C- Call 'aborting take-off due engine problems, request clearance to taxi back to (club)' |
| 5.7 VFR Departures | ||
| 5.7.1 | You are cleared via a standard departure but are unfamiliar with that departure and do not have the appropriate plate to hand. what should you do? | A- Follow another departing aircraft cleared on the same departure B- Request a return to the (club) to get the relevant plate C- Advise the tower you are unfamiliar with that standard departure and request plain language instructions |
| 5.7.2 | You are cleared to depart the zone via Pukenui, 1500 feet or below, and to call clearing the zone. What should your readback be? | A- 'cleared via Pukenui, xray yankee zulu' B- 'Wilco, xray yankee zulu' C- 'cleared via Pukenui, 1500 feet or below, will call clear, xray yankee zulu' |
| 5.7.3 | You are cleared via a specific sector, but your preferred track includes another sector. When can you cross into the other sector? | A- You may not without specific clearance B- Once clear of the circuit C- Once clear of the control zone |
| 5.8 VFR Arrivals | ||
| 5.8.1 | How far out should you call for joining instructions or clearance to enter a control zone? | A- Just as you enter the zone B- You may not without having previously filed a flight plan C- To allow sufficient time for ATS to assess the VFR and IFR traffic and issue you a clearance |
| 5.8.2 | You have asked for clearance, but have not received it by the time you reach the edge of the control zone. What should you do? | A- Continue into the zone as you have made initial contact, they know where you are and that you are coming B- Follow the current standard arrival procedures C- You may not enter the control zone without clearance- orbit until clearance is received |
| 5.8.2 | You are cleared via a standard arrival but are unfamiliar with that arrival and do not have the appropriate plate to hand. What should you do? | A- Follow another arriving aircraft cleared on the same arrival B- Go away C- Advise the tower you are unfamiliar with that standard arrival and request plain language instructions |
| 5.9 Aerodrome Traffic Circuit | ||
| 5.9.1 | You are cleared to join left base for runway 03, number 2 to a C172 you can see on final. How should you respond? | A- 'join left base runway zero three', callsign B- 'cleared to land zero three', callsign C- 'Join left base zero tree, number two, traffic in sight', callsign |
| 5.9.2 | At what position should you call 'downwind'? | A- Abeam the upwind end of the runway B- Midway down the runway C- Abeam the downwind end of the runway |
| 5.9.3 | The RTF traffic is busy and you can't get your downwind call in till well downwind. What should you do? | A- Call 'downwind' as normal B- Too late, call turning base C- Call 'late downwind' as soon as you can |
| 5.9.4 | You are late downwind and ATS ask you to orbit right to allow another aircraft to land. How should you respond? | A- Do as asked, they have you in sight B- call 'orbiting right' and callsign, and enter a moderate right hand orbit C- call 'orbiting right' and callsign, and enter a max rate right hand orbit |
| 5.9.5 | You are late downwind and ATS ask you to make an immediate short approach to land well ahead of another aircraft in circuit. How should you respond? | A- 'short approach' and callsign, and turn into a tight base leg B- Turn into a tight base leg as the tower will see your response |
| 5.10 Final Approach and Landing | ||
| 5.10.1 | You are on short finals and have not yet received 'cleared to land'. What should you do? | A- Continue to land, as you are in circuit and have already made contact B- Apply power and go round C- Call 'short finals' and callsign and wait for clearance, otherwise prepare to go round |
| 5.11 Wind Shear | ||
| 5.11.1 | You are on long final and the tower calls you advising 'wind shear'. What should you do? | A- Blip your microphone B- Acknowledge with your callsign and make a cautious approach with increased airspeed C- Go around |
| 5.11.2 | You are on finals and you experience significant wind shear. What should you do? | A- Continue and land B- Go around C- Land or go around as appropriate, and advise the tower of wind shear |
| 5.12 Wake Turbulence | ||
| 5.12.1 | You are on long final and the tower calls you advising 'caution, wake turbulence departing aircraft'. What should you do? | A- Acknowledge with your callsign and try to land short B- Decide if it is safe to land and advise the tower of your intentions C- Go around |
| 5.12.2 | You are holding for take-off and the tower clears you advising 'caution, wake turbulence'. What should you do? | A- Acknowledge and take off as cleared B- Hold until the wake turbulence has had a chance to clear, and advise the tower C- A or B at your discretion |
| 5.12.3 | You are on finals and you experience significant wake turbulence. What should you do? | A- Continue and land B- Go around C- Land or go around as appropriate, and advise the tower of wake turbulence |
| 5.13 Go Around | ||
| 5.13.1 | You are on final with an aircraft landing ahead. The tower calls advising you to 'go around'. What should your response be? | A- Apply power, establish positive climb, and acknowledge 'going around' with callsign B- Acknowledge 'going around' with callsign then apply power and climb out C- Continue approach in case the aircraft clears the runway in time |
| 5.13.2 | You are on short finals, but uncomfortable with your approach and cross-wind conditions. What should you do? | A- Continue approach to see if conditions improve B- Call 'going around' with callsign, apply power and go around for another attempt C- Ask the tower for advice |
| 5.14 After Landing | ||
| 5.14.1 | You have landed and slowed to taxi speed. How should you vacate the runway? | A- Vacate the runway as soon as you believe it can be done safely B- Wait for clearance from the tower, then acknowledge and taxi as cleared C- Backtrack up the runway to the holding point |
| 6. GENERAL RADAR PHRASEOLOGY | ||
| 6.1 Introduction | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 6.2 Radar Identification | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 6.3 Radar Vectoring | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 6.4 Traffic Information and Avoiding Action | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 6.5 Radar Vectors to Final Approach | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 6.6 Radar Assistance to Aircraft with Radio Communications Failure | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 6.7 Secondary Surveillance Radar | ||
| 6.7.1 | ATS ask you to 'squawk 6400'. How should you respond? | A- Set your transponder to 6400 and press the ident button B- From now on reply as six four zero zero C- Set your altimeter to 6400 D- Set your transponder to 6400 and reply 'six four zero zero' and your callsign |
| 6.7.2 | ATS ask you to 'squawk ident'. How should you respond? | A- Reply with your callsign B- Reply with your current squawk code and callsign C- Press the ident button on your transponder and reply with your callsign D- Set your trsnponder to 'ident' |
| 6.7.3 | ATS ask you to 'confirm squawk 6400'. How should you respond? | A- Reply with your callsign, 'squawking six four zero zero' B- From now on reply as six four zero zero C- Set your altimeter to 6400 D- Check your transponder is set to 6400 and reply with your callsign, 'squawking six four zero zero' |
| 6.7.4 | Choose the answer that correctly describes how you would set an assigned squawk code enroute. | A- Select Mode A (On), select the code, select Mode C (Alt) B- Press the ident, select the code, press the ident C- Select Mode to Standby, select the code, select Mode C (Alt) D Turn the unit off, press ident, select the code, select Mode A (on) |
| 6.7.5 | You are requested by the tower to squawk ident. Select the answer that correctly describes how you should manipulate the transponder. | A Select Mode A (On), Press Ident B- Press Ident C Select Standby, Press Ident D Press Ident, Select Mode A (On) |
| 6.7.6 | You have a MAYDAY situation and have a transponder. You should set it to... | A- 7500 B- 0000 C- 7700 D- 7600 |
| 6.7.7 | ATC ask you to 'squawk ident' You should... | A- Call ATC and tell them who you are B- Transmit your call sign C- Push the 'IDENT 'button on your transponder D- nothing |
| 6.7.8 | Your transponder is set to 'ALT'. It will transmit... | A- Altitude B- Altitude and code C- Speed and heading D- Heading and altitude |
| 6.8 RVSM Operations | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 7. APPROACH CONTROL | ||
| 7.1 IFR Departures | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 7.2 IFR Arrivals | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 8. AREA CONTROL | ||
| 8.1 General | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 8.2 Position Information | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 8.3 Level Information | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 8.4 Flights Entering Controlled Airspace | ||
| 8.4.1 | At what point should you call asking for clearance to enter controlled airspace? | A- As you enter controlled airspace B- 10 minutes in advance of entering controlled airspace C- In sufficient time to allow ATC to assess the traffic situation and issue a clearance prior to the aircraft reaching controlled airspace D- On your flight plan |
| 8.4.2 | You are about to enter controlled airspace, but have not yet received clearance from ATS. What should you do? | A- Continue into controlled airspace as per flight plan B- Orbit outside controlled airspace until you have received clearance C- Press ident on your transponder D- Broadcast your intentions as you enter |
| 8.4.3 | What should you include in your request to enter controlled airspace? | A- Current position and altitude B- Clearance being requested C- ATIS information received D- All of the above |
| 8.4.4 | How is transponder mandatory airspace indicated on an aeronautical navigation chart? | A- All controlled airspace is transponder mandatory unless marked otherwise B- All airspace above 1500AGL is transponder mandatory C- 'TM' in bold after the height indications |
| 8.4.5 | The airspace around an airfield is marked 5000/SFC and (5000/1500 TM). What does that mean? | A- The airspace extends from surface to 5000ft and is all transponder mandatory B- The airspace extends from surface to 5000ft, and is transponder mandatory from 1500ft to 5000ft. C- The airspace extends from surface to 5000ft, and is transponder mandatory from surface to 1500ft. D- The airspace from surface to 5000ft is not transponder mandatory, and the airspace from 1500ft to 5000ft is transponder mandatory. |
| 8.4.6 | You wish to enter transponder mandatory airspace, but do not have a transponder. What should you do? | A- You may not enter transponder mandatory airspace under any circumstances. Stay away. B- You may enter the airspace broadcasting your position and alititude at regular intervals. C- You may enter at the discretion of ATC- seek prior approval and briefing and declare you are not transponder equipped when you request clearance to enter. |
| 8.5 Flights Leaving Controlled Airspace | ||
| 8.5.1 | ATS have asked you to call clearing their airspace. You are about to clear, what should you do? | A- Advise callsign, position, altitude B- Advise 'clearing your airspace' C- Advise the frequency you are changing to D- All of the above |
| 9. AERODROME FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE | ||
| 9.0.1 | What services does an aerodrone flight information service (AFIS) provide? | A- Met conditions, runway in use, and traffic information only B- All the above plus takeoff and landing instructions C- Traffic information only |
| 9.0.2 | In general, how should you treat an airfield serviced with AFIS? | A- As an uncontrolled airfield with limited traffic information provided B- As an uncontrolled airfield with limited traffic control provided C- As a controlled airfield with limited traffic control provided D- As a controlled airfield during the hours of AFIS service |
| 9.2 VFR Departures | ||
| 9.2.1 | At an airfield with AFIS, what is the general sequence of calls during taxi and takeoff? | A- Pilot declares taxiing, AFIS provides weather/runway/traffic information, pilot decides and declares takeoff B- Pilot declares taxiing, AFIS provides weather/runway/traffic information and takeoff instructions, pilot acknowledges C- There is no requirement to call- AFIS is there as an aid if asked |
| 9.3 VFR Arrivals | ||
| 9.3.1 | At an airfield with AFIS, what is the general sequence of calls for ajoining and landing? | A- All calls as if at a fully controlled airfield, with AFIS providing joining/landing instructions B- All calls as if at a fully controlled airfield, with AFIS providing joining/landing instructions which you may follow at your discretion C- All calls as if at an uncontrolled airfield, with AFIS providing weather/runway/traffic information |
| 9.4 IFR Departures | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 9.5 IFR Arrivals | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 10. MANDATORY BROADCAST ZONES | ||
| 10.0.1 | When should you make your calls in a mandatory broadcast zone (MBZ)? | A- On entry and departure only B- On entry, every 5 minutes, and on departure C- On entry, and at intervals as indicated on the aeronautical charts D- At key points in circuit (takeoff, downwind, finals, landing) only |
| 10.0.2 | Where are the recommended intervals for MBZ broadcasts found? | A- Broadcast intervals are at the pilots discretion only B- On the MBZ AWIB broadcast C- On the aeronautical charts D- In the VFG |
| 10.3 UNICOM | ||
| 10.3.1 | What services does a UNICOM provide? | A- Limited known traffic and weather information on request B- Met conditions, runway in use, traffic information and joining procedure C- Limited traffic and weather information for taxiing and joining D- Runway in use and wind information only |
| 10.3.2 | What are the general rules for operation at a UNICOM equipped airfield? | A- Treat it as a controlled airfield B- Treat UNICOM as an AFIS when attended C- Treat it is an uncontrolled airfield, with limited information available from UNICOM on request D- treat is as a controlled airfield when UNICOM is attended |
| 11. VFR SPECIAL PROCEDURES AREAS | ||
| 11.0.1 | Is a radio mandatory for a VFR Special Procedures Area? | A- Yes B- No |
| 11.0.2 | What should you do if radio traffic is very busy in a Special Procedures Area? | A- Do not enter until the traffic has thinned out B- Keep your transmissions concise C- Call 'break, break, break' to get your transmission through D- Keep quiet and fly as if NORDO |
| 12. UNATTENDED AERODROMES | ||
| 12.0.1 | In general, what frequency is used for unattended airfields? | A- 123.45 B- 133.375 C- 119.1 D- Christchurch Information |
| 12.0.2 | What general rule should you follow for your radio calls at unattended fields? | A- Use standard phraseology and be concise B- Talk quickly to reduce airtime and RTF clutter C- Call at every point in the circuit to ensure other aircraft know where you are |
| 12.0.3 | Should 119.1 be used as a general chat channel? | A- Yes- it is the accepted aircraft to aircraft frequency to use B- No- it is specifically for use at unattended fields, and needs to be kept for that purpose |
| 12.0.4 | When should calls be made on arrival at an unattended airfield? | A- About 3-5 miles out B- Overhead C- Joining downwind D- Finals E- All of the above |
| 12.0.5 | What is the correct format when calling at an unattended airfield? | A- 'Flyville traffic, callsign, message, Flyville traffic' B- 'Flyville traffic, callsign, message' C- 'callsign, message, Flyville traffic' D- 'callsign, Flyville traffic, message, Flyville traffic' |
| 12.0.6 | When should calls be made on departure from an unattended airfield? | A- Taxiing B- Lining up /rolling C- Vacating the airfield pattern D- All of the above |
| 12.0.7 | You are in circuit at an unattended airfield, and have been making regular position reports. You hear a new aircraft report 5 miles out for joining. What should you do? | A- Continue in circuit and make your usual position reports B- Keep quiet to leave the frequency clear for him C- Report your current position and intentions so he knows where you are and what you are doing |
| 12.0.8 | How can you tell there is no NORDO traffic operating at an unattended airfield? | A- There are no radio calls B- There is no background aircraft engine noise at the field C- There is no NORDO traffic in sight D- You can't be sure. Vigilance is always required E- Radio equipped aircraft in the circuit will tell you if there are any NORDO aircraft operating in the area |
| 13. DISTRESS AND URGENCY PHRASEOLOGY | ||
| 13.1 Distress Messages | ||
| 13.1.1 | When is a MAYDAY distress call made? | A- When there is immediate danger to life (eg fire, engine failure) B- When an aircraft is lost C- When a potentially urgent situation has developed that ATC and/or other traffic needs to be alerted to |
| 13.1.2 | What is the general structure of a MAYDAY call? | A- 'MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY', callsign, position, nature of emergency, intentions B- 'MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY' and wait for ATC to respond |
| 13.2 Urgency Messages | ||
| 13.2.1 | When is a PAN-PAN urgency message used? | A- When there is immediate danger to life B- When there is an urgent situation (eg gear failure, rough running engine, passenger having heart attack, aircraft lost in cloud) C- When an aircraft is lost in VMC conditions |
| 13.2.2 | What frequency should you transmit a PAN,PAN,PAN call on? | A 121.5MHz B- What ever frequency you are on C- Whatever frequency you are on, and if no response 121.5MHz D- Whatever frequency you are on, and if no response, another you think is being monitored ,or 121.5Mhz |
| 13.2.3 | Your PAN,PAN,PAN call has not been acknowledged ,you should... | A- Keep calling B- Change to another active frequency or 121.5 and try again C- Stop tansmitting as you are blocking a possible reply D- Wait a while and try again |
| 13.3 Emergency Descent | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 13.4 ACAS Resolution Advisory | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
| 13.5 Traffic Information Broadcasts by Aircraft (TIBA) | ||
| Not applicable to microlights | ||
Topics NOT covered in AC172-1
| 100 Light Signals | ||
| 100.0.1 | You are taxying your aircraft and get a steady green signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Cleared to land B- Cleared to take-off C- Cleared to taxi D- Return to starting point on aerodrome |
| 100.0.2 | You are taxying your aircraft and get a flashing green signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Cleared to land B- Cleared to take-off C- Cleared to taxi D- Return to starting point on aerodrome |
| 100.0.3 | You are taxying your aircraft and get a steady red signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Stop B- Taxi clear of landing area C- Cleared to taxi D- Return to starting point on aerodrome |
| 100.0.4 | You are taxying your aircraft and get a flashing red signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Stop B- Taxi clear of landing area C- Cleared to taxi D- Return to starting point on aerodrome |
| 100.0.5 | You are taxying your aircraft and get a flashing white signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Stop B- Taxi clear of landing area C- Cleared to taxi D- Return to starting point on aerodrome |
| 100.0.6 | You are flying your aircraft and get a steady green signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Cleared to land B- Cleared to take-off C- Continue circling D- Land and proceed to apron |
| 100.0.7 | You are flying your aircraft and get a flashing green signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Cleared to land B- Return for landing C- Continue circling D- Land and proceed to apron |
| 100.0.8 | You are flying your aircraft and get a steady red signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Stop B- Aerodrome unsafe- Do not land C- Cleared to land D- Give way to aircraft and continue circling |
| 100.0.9 | You are flying your aircraft and get a flashing red signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Stop B-Aerodrome unsafe- Do not land C- Cleared to land D= Give way to aircraft and continue circling |
| 100.0.10 | You are on the ground and get a flashing white signal from the tower. What does it mean? | A- Stop B- Land and proceed to apron C- Cleared to taxi D- Return to starting point on aerodrome |
| 100.0.11 | How do you ackowledge a visual signal from the tower? | A- Rock wings in flight, move control surfaces on the ground B- Rock wings in flight or on the ground C- Thumbs up out the window D- Say 'Roger' on the RTF. |
| 101 Unmodulated transmission speechless technique | ||
| 101.0.1 | In the case of radio failure where you can receive, but only transmit carrier, how do you respond for YES? | A- 1 click of the PTT B- 2 clicks of the PTT C- 3 clicks of the PTT D- one long press of the PTT |
| 101.0.2 | In the case of radio failure where you can receive, but only transmit carrier, how do you respond for NO? | A- 1 clicks of the PTT B- 2 clicks of the PTT C= 3 clicks of the PTT D- one long press of the PTT |
| 101.0.3 | In the case of radio failure where you can receive, but only transmit carrier, how do you respond for SAY AGAIN? | A- 1 click of the PTT B- 2 clicks of the PTT C- 3 clicks of the PTT D- one long press of the PTT |
| 101.0.4 | In the case of radio failure where you can receive, but only transmit carrier, how do you respond for AT NOMINATED POSITION? | A- 1 clicks of the PTT B- 2 clicks of the PTT C- 3 clicks of the PTT D- 4 clicks of the PTT |
| 102 406MHz ELTs | ||
| 102.0.1 | What frequencies does a 406 MHz ELT/PLB transmit on? | A- 121.5 MHz B- 406 MHz C- Both 121.5 MHz and 406 MHz D- 7700 MHz |
| 102.0.2 | How can you check at shutdown for inadvertent activation of your 406MHz ELT/PLB? | A- Listen on 406 MHz on your VHF radio B- Listen on 121.5 MHz on your VHF radio C- Check your ELT/PLB activation indicator D- B or C above |
| 102.0.3 | Under what conditions must an ELB/ELT beacon be carried on a microlight aircraft? | A- All flights with a passenger B- All flights further than 10NM from take-off C- All flights over water D- all of the above |
| 102.0.4 | What are the minimum requirements for the type of emergency beacon that a microlight aircraft must carry? | A- An ELT permanently fitted to the airframe with automatic activation B- An ELT permanently fitted to the airframe with manual activation C- A portable manually deployed PLB beacon with integrated GPS D- A portable manually deployed PLB beacon without integrated GPS |
| 102.0.5 | How can a PLB be activated? | A- By impact or shock to the beacon B- By extending the antenna C- By pressing the activation button. D- By extending the antenna and holding the activation button down until the activity indicator flashes |
| 102.0.6 | What conditions can cause an automatic ELT to be activated? | A- A hard landing B- Impact from heavy items in the cabin C- A crash D- Any of the above |
| 102.0.7 | You have made a safe forced landing in a rough paddock. What checks should you make of your ELT? | A- Turn it on. B- Turn it off. C- Check if it is transmitting, turn it off, and call ATC or the Rescue Coordination Centre to cancel the emergency signal. |
| 102.0.8 | You have made a forced landing, are injured and require assistance. What checks should you make of your ELT/PLB? | A- If it is a fitted ELT, check it is activated and if necessary manually activate it B- If it is a portable PLB, extend the antenna and manually activate it C No action is necessary, as they are automatically activated. D- A or B as appropriate |
| 102.0.9 | When may you test an ELT? | A- last 5 minutes before the hour B- first 5 minutes after the hour C- 5 minutes before the hour in a signal shielded place D- any time as long as you inform ATC |
| 102.0.10 | It is a good idea to check your ELT/PLT before shutdown. To do this... | A- Turn on the ELT and if nothing is heard turn it off B- Select 119.1 on your VHF radio and listen for an ELT signal C- Select 121.5 on VHF radio and listen for a ELT signal D- Select 406.0 on your VHF radio and listen for an ELT signal |